英语语法填空答题技巧

文/梦醒

  语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考察语法知识的运用能力。我们在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意,有把握的空格可以先进行填写。小编在这里整理了相关资料,希望能帮助到您。

  高考英语语法填空答题技巧

  一、纯空格试题的解题技巧

  纯空格填空题主要是填冠词、介词、代词、连接词(含从属连词和并列连词)等虚词。

  首先,分析句子结构,根据句子所缺成分确定填哪类词。然后,根据句子意思,确定具体填什么词;或根据两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用哪个连词。

  技巧1:在简单句和并列句中,若句子缺主语或宾语,一定是填代词。

  例1:I can’t send a message to Kenya whenever I want to, and __1__ gets there almost in a second.

  技巧2:名词前面,若没有限定词(冠词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词等),很可能是填限定词。

  例2:It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty was very anxious to help__2__ rice crop grow up quickly.

  技巧3:名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时,其前面,一定是填介词。

  例3:…who should have the honour of receiving me __3__ a guest in their house.

  技巧4: 若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词,可能是填连词。

  例4:…two world-famous artists, Pablo Picasso __4__Cabdido Poitinari, which are worth millions of dollars.

  技巧5:若两个句子(即两个主谓结构)之间没有连词,也没有分号或句号,一定是填并列连词(连接并列的句子)或从属连词(连接定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句)。

  例5:The greatest magician of all time was Harry Houdini __5 _died in 1926.

  例6:He was very tired after doing thus foe a whole day, __6__he felt very happy.

  技巧6: 由特殊句式结构来判断空格应填的词。

  (1) 由itis … that… 强调结构的形式,判断it 还是that。判断方法:去掉itis … that…结构,句子还是一个完整的句子就是强调句型。

  (2) 由it 作形式主语或形式宾语的句式判断,空格是否填it.

  例7:…and __7__ was only after I heard she become sick that I learned she couldn’t eat MSG (味精).

  例8:… as __8__ took them just three minutes to steal paintings by two words-famous artists..

  例9:Dating sites also makes__9__ easy to avoid someone whom you are not interested in.

  (3) 在倒装句式中通常填only, so, neither, nor, never, hardly, seldom, not…until等词。

  例10:__10__ with hard work can you expect to get pay rise.

  (4) so / such …that…句型

  例11:This made the goat so jealous __11__ it began plotting against the donkey.

  (5) more …than…(与其说……不如说……,比……更……)句型。

  例12:Cynthia’s story shows vividly that people remember more how much a manager cares __12__ how much he pays.

  二、给出了动词的试题解题技

  首先,判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。然后按照以下两点进行思考。

  技巧7:若句子没有别的谓语动词,或者虽然已有谓语动词,但需填的动词与之是并列关系时,所给动词就是谓语动词;若是谓语动词,就要考虑时态语态。

  例13:When I die, I __13__(give) everything to you.

  例14:That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation, __14__(close) my book and walked away.

  例15:In Loganm three people _15_ (take) to a hospital, while others were treated at a local clinic.

  例16:Being too anxious to help an event develop often __16__ (result) the contrary to our intention.(2008年广东高考语法填空)

  例17:Now, Valentine’s Day is __17__ (celebrate) in many countries around the world.

  技巧8: 若句中已有谓语动词,又不是并列谓语时,所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定是v-ing形式,-ed形式,还是不定式,确定的方法主要有:

  (1) 作主语或宾语,通常用v-ing 形式表示习惯或一般情况,用不定式表示具体情况。

  例18:…but it is not enough only _18_ (memorize) rules from a grammar book.

  例19:__19__ (speak) out your inner feeling won’t make you feel ashamed, on the contrary…

  (2) 作目的状语或在形容词后作状语,一般用不定式。

  例20:_20_ (complete) the project as planed, we’ll have to work two more hours a day.

  (3) 作伴随状语,通常用分词,若与逻辑主语是主动关系,用现在分词(v-ing);若是被动关系,用过去分词(-ed)。

  例21:He saw the stone, _21_(say) to himself: “the night will be very dark.”

  例22:The headmaster went into the lab, _22_(follow) by the foreign guests.

  技巧9: 动词的词类转换主要做主语、宾语和定语。

  例23:There are __23__ (comfort) feelings often as any kind of physical pain.

  例24:They entered the Credit Lyonnais branch using building __24__ (equip) to dig holes

  例25:These people have made great __25__(contribute) to China with their work.

  三、词类转换题的解题技

  这类题主要是考查名词、形容词和副词,根据该词在句中所作句子成分确定用那种形式,具体技巧有以下三种。

  技巧10: 作表语(在系动词之后)、定语(修饰名词)或宾补(表性质状态),通常用形容词形式。

  例26:The youngster immediately fell _26_ (silence) as tears flew down from his big blue eyes.

  例27:Teachers must try their best to make most of their students _27_ (interest) in the subject.

  技巧11: 修饰动词、形容词、副词,或整个句子,作状语,用副词形式。

  例28:As I looked __28__ (close) at this girl, I found that…

  例29:__29___ (fortune),the guest escaped unharmed.

  技巧12: 有的词义转换题,词类或词性不一定要变,主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词,需要句子意思及前后逻辑关系,在词根前加un-, im-, in-等,在词根后加-less等。

  例30:People certainly have a variety of reasons for going back to school but one important thing to know is, no knowledge is _30_(use).

  例31:Your mistake caused a lot of _31_(necessary) work in the office.

  技巧13: 括号中所给词若是形容词或副词,有可能考查其比较级或最高级。

  例32:The other frog went on jumping as hard as he could… he jumped even _32_(hard) and nearly made himself out.

  例33:The _33_(bad) damage was reported in the towns of Logan and Clovis, which are about 80 miles apart, police said.

  例34:…, but he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” ___34__(high)

  以上仅对语法填空中的主要情况进行了概括。

  在做语法填空题时,还应注意英语中的固定句型、固定搭配等。

  提高英语成绩的方法

  关于听力先听一些高考模拟题,每周听2套一小时左右,3周,模拟题速度比高考快很多,以后听原真卷会豁然开朗,我原来一二摸错一半,按照这个方法高考前一周开始听原真卷09年全对,10年错一个,11年错2个,不再听了,高考错一个。网上搜些听力相关的单词背,念出约100个原真卷的听力原文答案,不听,看他几十套听力答案原文,快速阅读,这样对听力出题思路就熟悉了,听力无非是入学,图书馆,找工作,等等的几个场景套路,有些考托福的盆友,不听题目只看选项就能选对百分之95主要是熟悉套路。关于语法找本语法练习册,一般都分为介词,名词等20多章节,每天利用早上20分钟时间看完这个章节的语法总结,每章节做10道题-15题,高考考前8天一天做一套原真题的语法部分,这8套题反复看,入考场前十分钟都可以在看一眼做错的语法题。

  阅读理解先说七选五,七选五看懂了了也选不对。一定利用技巧做解题突破,网上和复习资料里都有讲技巧,反复体会利用技巧,七选五完全看不懂文章的情况下可以选对4个,我高考错了一题,如果基本功好的孩子,应该全对。阅读理解我根本就不背单词,二模英语60分,阅读完全看不懂,单词量估计就1000,提高词汇量已经来不及,选取三年高考元真卷,3套卷子中不会的单词标出中文,不会的可能有近1000单词,随便背了背,二模感觉没啥用,阅读文章还是看不懂。最后找了一本完型,阅读的习题集,看选项的单词不会的用中文标出来,这样一本书标了三四十篇文章生词约1200最后几天尽可能的记,只要看形状知道中文就成了,不背拼写和发音。呵呵高考时,开了天眼能看懂文章了。另外阅读理解完型,找个模拟或原真题集不看题只看阅读完型理解答案部分快速阅读,这个是非常重要的,这么看答案,因为没有原文,从支离破碎的信息中揣度原文意思,真实的模拟了高考临场看不懂原文选答案的状态,一两个钟头看几十套答案,对阅读的出题套路体会和解题大有帮助,考试时如果语感强的相信语感,要自信的猜题。大致就是这样,适合英语极差时间不够的权益之计。有些技巧对于英语基础好的小伙伴冲击满分也会有所帮助,我3次模拟没有超过60,三年高中英语没有超过90,高考111,这个方法是我和自己的英语老师一起实施的,感觉还不错,希望对亲爱的你们有所帮助。


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